vitamin c bowel tolerance
Present your manuscript PLOS Medicine publishes general research and commentary with clear implications for patient care, public policies or clinical research programs. Charge of metrics Open accessCorrespondence Misleading information about the properties of vitamin C * E-mail: Membership Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom Membership Manchester, United Kingdom Misleading information about the properties of vitamin CCitation: Hickey S, Roberts H (2005) Deceptive information about the properties of vitamin C. PLoS Med 2(9): e307. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020307Published: September 27, 2005 Copyright: © 2005 Hickey and Roberts. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License, which allows the use, distribution and reproduction without restrictions in any medium, provided that the original author and source are credited. Competing interests: The authors have declared that there are no competing interests. Cochrane de Douglas et al. [], which is referred to in the article of Good Practices of Douglas and Hemilä [], covers 60 years of research on vitamin C and common cold. However, the review omits pharmacokinetic data that invalidate the conclusion that vitamin C is ineffective. This conclusion is not derived from the data presented. The dual-pharmacokinetic vitamin C is described by the dynamic flow model [,]. Low-level intakes of astrobate grams, leading to blood plasma levels below 70 μM/L, have an average life of 8 to 40 days. High-level intakes have a plasma half-life of 30 minutes []. A large oral dose raises blood plasma levels briefly: they reach a peak after two to three hours, before decaying back to the baseline. Repeated doses allow high plasma levels of approximately 250 μM/L [,]. Douglas and Hemilä reviewed the intakes that elevate plasma ascorbate levels in a transitional way above 70 μM/l. A single dose does not raise the medium level [,]. Therefore, daily supplements would not increase disease resistance to a large extent [,]. Individual or double doses per day will not increase plasma levels of substance, regardless of the magnitude of the dose [,]. Since plasma ascorbate is at the bottom level for most of the day, the effects will be minimal. There is widespread confusion about the nutritional and pharmacological levels of supplementation []. Linus Pauling, typically, described dietary gram-level doses capable of providing a degree of disease prevention []. On the contrary, the pharmacological doses used for treatment are, at least, a larger order and involve frequent doses. The doses should be at intervals of three hours or less []. The doses of treatment are described by Cathcart's role on titration for intestinal tolerance []. To treat the start of a cold, therapy is perhaps a minimum of 10 g of oral ascorbic acid, followed by at least 2 g per hour [,].Douglas and Hemilä give a misleading impression by not making it clear that the doses they consider are not pharmacological. They claim that the results of a study, giving a dose of 8 g at the beginning of the symptoms, amount to and deserve an additional evaluation. However, once this dose has been excreted, the protection effects will be lost. During the disease, ascorbate is quickly exhausted and more oral intakes are tolerated, up to 200 g per day []. It would be surprising if this dose of 8 g had a large effect. Ascorbate studies require appropriate doses. Douglas and Hemilä have only confirmed that 60 years of vitamin C research have been largely wasted due to the confusion between nutritional and pharmacological seizures, and due to a pharmacokinetic misunderstanding. It is essential that high-dose studies take into account the dual-pharmacokinetic of Ascorbate. The dosing regime should allow for high levels of sustained plasma to be reached. The claim that vitamin C cannot prevent or cure common cold is premature and unjustified. References Related Articles has COMPANIONES Areas of Affairs? For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click . We want your comments. Do these Areas of Affairs make sense for this article? Click on the target next to the wrong Subject area and let us know. Thank you for your help! For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click . Is the "Vitamin C" Subject Area applicable to this article? Thanks for your feedback. Is the "blood lamp" subject area applicable to this article? Thanks for your feedback. Is the "Pharmacokinetics" Subject Area applicable to this article? Thanks for your feedback. Is the Subject Area "Medium-life calculation of domination" applicable to this article? Thanks for your feedback. 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